Advantages of Forage Sorghum for Silage in Limited Input Systems

Water shortages are threatening the sustainability of irrigated agriculture in dry environments such as the Southern High Plains (SHP) of the U.S. Corn has been a staple silage crop grown to supply the enormous forage demand associated with dairy and beef feeding industries. The relatively high water use of corn, however, is limiting the extent to which corn can be grown. Although irrigated, corn in the SHP is greatly dependent upon growing season rainfall. Recent droughts have exposed the vulnerability of many of the corn systems and well capacities in the region. Forage sorghum can be a viable alternative to corn in silage systems experiencing water reductions and where extended dry periods affect the ability of marginal irrigation systems to meet the water demand of corn. While the benefits of forage sorghum are many, a few weaknesses of the crop, coupled with little practical experience, has limited broad utilization. Improvements in varieties and a better understanding of proper management should lead to a greater acceptance and willingness to grow this alternative silage crop. However, the lack of water and desperation will likely be the main drivers behind any major cropping changes.